As Michael Winkleman described, public relations professionals and educators are currently engaged in a vigorous discussion of the role of ethics within the profession and the means by which ethics can be taught to both public relations students and professionals. According to Winkleman, the rise in concern over ethical issues can be traced to the reaction of the profession to events in the 1980s, which included high-profile instances of insider-trading and covert government foreign policy …showed first 75 words of 3552 total…

…showed last 75 words of 3552 total…p.35. Grunig, James E. (1993). Public Relations and International Affairs: Effects, Ethics and Responsibility. Journal of International Affairs. 47(1), p.140. Ibid, p.157-8. Bivins, Thomas H. (1989). Ethical Implications of the Relationship of Purpose to Role and Function in Public Relations. Journal of Business Ethics. 8, p.69. Center, Allen H. and Jackson, Patrick. Standards, Ethics, and Values. Public Relations Practices: Managerial Case Studies and Problems. (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall), p.319. Winkleman, Michael (1987). Soul Searching. Public Relations Journal. 43.