Organizations and the Need for Manager * Organization: Two or more people who work together in a structured way to achieve a specific goal or set of goals * Goal: The purpose that an organization strives to achieve; organizations often have more than one goal; goals are fundamental elements of organizations * Manager: People responsible for directing the efforts aimed at helping organizations achieve their goals by using management skills "Management" (from Old French ménagement "…showed first 75 words of 1396 total…

…showed last 75 words of 1396 total…Peter Drucker, a respected contributor to management thought, has expressed the difference as "doing the right thing" versus "doing things right" (Drucker 1967). Effectiveness pertains to the degree of goal accomplishment, that is, the manager's ability to choose appropriate goals and the means for achieving them- "doing the right thing." Efficiency, an econoinic concept, pertains to what has been achieved (output) in relation to the resources (labor, materials, and time) needed (input)-"doing things right."