DSM 1V - Diagnostic Categories for Manic Depression/ Bi-Polar Affective Disorder (BD) There are only two sub-types of bipolar illness, which have been defined, clearly enough to be given their own DSM categories, Bipolar I and Bipolar II. Bipolar disorder causes dramatic mood swings, from overly high and/or irritable to sad and hopeless, and then back again, often with periods of normal mood in between. Severe changes in energy and behavior go along with …showed first 75 words of 951 total…

…showed last 75 words of 951 total…programmed or induced by diverse insults, but it also promotes the regeneration of axons in the central nervous system. (http://www.nimh.nih.gov/sciadvances/0014.cfm) After researching the most current information on manic depression / bipolar disorder I understand how rapidly this field of study is being developed. Although the course text is informative, much of the data is outdated. Many of the medications we have today did not exist when this edition was published.